Dental problems can cause significant pain for your dog, and lead to other health issues. Today, our Los Angeles vets explain how to spot dental health problems in your dog, what the most common issues are and how they can be prevented or treated.
Your Dog's Oral Health
Your dog's oral health is closely linked to its overall health and well-being. Your dog uses their mouth, teeth, and gums to eat and vocalize, so when its oral structures become damaged or diseased, it can stop functioning properly and a dog can experience pain that interferes with its ability to eat and communicate normally.
Furthermore, bacteria and infections that cause many oral health disorders in dogs will not remain confined to your dog's mouth. If left untreated, these bacteria and diseases can spread throughout your pet's body, causing damage to organs including the liver, kidneys, and heart. This can have major effects for your canine companion's health and longevity.
This is one of the reasons regular pet dental care and veterinary dentistry are critical elements of your dog's routine preventive healthcare - regular dental cleanings can prevent health concerns, or ensure developing issues are caught and treated early.
Symptoms of Dental Disease in Dogs
While specific symptoms will differ between conditions, there's a chance your dog is suffering from dental disease if you notice any of these behaviors or conditions.
Some of the most common symptoms of dental disease in dogs can include:
- Bad Breath (halitosis)
- Visible tartar
- Difficulty with or slow eating
- Pawing at their teeth or mouth
- Missing or lose teeth
- Excessive drooling
- Bleeding, swollen, or red gums
- Weight loss
If you see any of the above signs of dental disease in your dog, bring them to your Los Angeles vet as soon as possible for examinations. The sooner your dog's dental disease is diagnosed and treated the better for your cat's long-term health.
Common Dog Dental Problems
While a wide range of health issues can impact your dog's teeth, gums, and other oral structures, there are a few particularly common conditions to watch for.
Plaque & Tartar Buildup
Plaque is a whitish substance made primarily of bacteria. This biofilm develops on the teeth and has a bad odor that worsens the longer it remains in the mouth. Tooth decay and gum irritation can result from plaque buildup.
If teeth are not brushed and plaque removed within about 24 to 48 hours, plaque then hardens and forms into tartar, a yellow or brown-colored substance your veterinarian calls calculus. Tartar remains attached to the surfaces of the teeth and cannot be removed without being scraped off with a dental scaler or another hard object.
Tartar worsens tooth decay and gum inflammation. Plaque and tartar put your dog's teeth and gums at risk. Discolored deposits on teeth, a red, swollen gum line (referred to as gingivitis), and poor breath are all common symptoms. As dental disease worsens, owners may experience more frequent bleeding gums and foul breath.
Periodontal Disease
Bacteria get under the gum line when plaque and tartar persist in the mouth, destroying the tissue and bone that hold your dog's teeth in place. Gingivitis is the first stage of periodontal disease. As the condition progresses, soft tissue and bone loss around the teeth occurs. The support structures of the teeth deteriorate, and pockets form around the tooth roots.
This allows bacteria, debris, and food to accumulate here and dangerous infections to develop. Over time, the teeth loosen and start to fall out.
Oral Infections
If periodontal disease develops, bacteria can make their way into the open space around tooth roots, leading to infection, which may manifest as a tooth root abscess.
To battle the infection, pus forms in the bacteria-infested area around the tooth. If left untreated, the abscess can become so large that it causes facial swelling and anatomical malformation.
While oral infections are often caused by periodontal disease, they often happen secondary to trauma in the mouth. Trauma may be due to injury from chewing on hard or sharp objects.
Tooth Fractures
Chewing on exceptionally hard plastic, antlers, or bones can cause dental fractures in vigorous chewers. Most veterinarians will advise you not to let your dog chew on anything harder than what you would like to whack hard on your knee.
The size of chews can also factor into the occurrence of tooth fractures - a chew that's too large for a dog's mouth may make the tooth and chew line up that breaks the outside of a tooth (known as a slab fracture).
Your veterinarian may recommend picking chews, which are small enough to hold in the mouth without swallowing by accident. However, these are not so large that your dog will need to have a fully open mouth to safely chew on them.
Preventing Dental Issues in Dogs
The most reliable way to help prevent the development of dental problems with your dog's teeth is by routine brushing and cleaning your cat's mouth. You'll give your dog a much better chance of having healthier teeth and gums if plaque is brushed away before it can cause damage or infection.
To keep your dog's teeth in great condition and their breath fresh, schedule your pet for a professional dental examination and cleaning once a year. Dental appointments at Rancho Park Veterinary Clinic are similar to taking your dog for an appointment at the veterinary dog dentist.
To avoid developing oral health issues in the first place, begin brushing your dog's teeth and gums when they are still puppies and may quickly adapt to the treatment. You might also include dog dental chews to their routine.
Note: The advice provided in this post is intended for informational purposes and does not constitute medical advice regarding pets. For an accurate diagnosis of your pet's condition, please make an appointment with your vet.